患有炎症性乳腺癌的人，其癌症扩散到大脑的风险更高

概要

新发表在《癌症》杂志的研究表明，在患有乳腺癌的人中，那些患有炎症性乳腺癌的罕见亚型的人面临着癌症扩散或转移到大脑的更高风险。

研究表明，炎症性乳腺癌患者的脑转移率较高，但目前这方面的研究还较为空白。为了深入了解这一患者群体中脑转移的发生率和风险因素，研究人员对372名III期炎性乳腺癌患者和159名IV期炎性乳腺癌患者的数据进行了分析。

研究结果显示，大多数被诊断为脑转移的患者都出现了神经系统症状，但由于一些患者可能有未被发现的、无症状的脑转移，炎症性乳腺癌患者的真正发病率可能比研究人员观察到的还要高。

研究强调了对出现神经系统症状的炎症性乳腺癌患者进行脑成像的必要性，因为这一人群中脑转移的发生率很高。

Individuals with inflammatory breast cancer at higher risk of cancer spread to the brain

Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain

New research indicates that among individuals with breast cancer, those with a rare subtype called inflammatory breast cancer face a higher risk that their cancer will spread, or metastasize, to the brain. The study is published online in the Cancer journal.

Studies have demonstrated higher rates of brain metastases in patients with inflammatory breast cancer, but detailed information is lacking. To provide insights into the incidence and risk factors for brain metastases in this patient population, Laura E.G. Warren, MD, of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and her colleagues analyzed data on 372 patients with stage III inflammatory breast cancer and 159 with stage IV inflammatory breast cancer.

Over a median follow-up of 5 years, the incidence of brain metastases at 1, 2, and 5 years was 5%, 9%, and 18% among patients who presented with stage III disease, and 17%, 30%, and 42% among those with stage IV disease. Patients with triple-negative breast cancer faced a particularly high risk, and when they did experience brain metastases, their survival time was shorter than those with hormone receptor–positive or HER2-positive breast cancer who experienced brain metastases. Higher risks of brain metastases were also seen in patients whose cancer had metastasized to other parts of the body besides the brain, especially when this occurred at a young age.

"The relatively high incidence of brain metastases seen in the study population highlights the need for future research on the potential role for surveillance brain imaging for high-risk patients. There is an open, phase II, single arm study at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute examining this question," said Dr. Warren.

"It also emphasizes the need to obtain brain imaging in patients with inflammatory breast cancer presenting with neurologic symptoms given the high incidence of brain metastases in this population."

Most patients in this study who were diagnosed with brain metastases had neurologic symptoms, but because some patients may have undetected, asymptomatic brain metastases, the true incidence in patients with inflammatory breast cancer is likely even higher than what Dr. Warren and her colleagues observed.

An accompanying editorial notes that when considering whether to implement routine brain imaging tests in patients with inflammatory breast cancer, it will be important to determine whether earlier detection of brain metastases leads to improvements in both survival and quality of life.

Source:

Medical Xpress

Published on October 10, 2022

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